How to Manage Hypothyroidism Symptoms Effectively

This complete guide to hypothyroidism covers types, risk factors, clinical signs, treatment options, and nursing interventions. Definition of Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism means your thyroid gland is underactive. It doesn’t make enough thyroid hormones, which slows down your body’s metabolism and heat production. Types of Hypothyroidism Causes (Aetiology) of Hypothyroidism Risk Factors You’re more likely to get […]

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Hyperparathyroidism Made Easy: Types, Symptoms, and Nursing Management Guide

Hyperparathyroidism happens when there is too much parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the blood. This is due to overactivity of one or more (total four) parathyroid glands in the neck. Types / Classification of Hyperparathyroidism Causes (Etiology) of Hyperparathyroidism Primary Secondary Tertiary • Non-cancerous tumor (adenoma) • Paget’s disease, bone cancers • Overactive PTH even when

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Simplified Hypoparathyroidism: A Guide for Nursing & Medical Exams

What is Hypoparathyroidism? – A Basic Overview Hypoparathyroidism refers to a medical condition where there is insufficient production or activity of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This hormonal deficiency leads to low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) and high phosphate levels (hyperphosphatemia), due to reduced PTH action on bones and kidneys. the Epidemiology of hypoparathyrodism is Estimated prevalence is

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RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)- A Easy way to understand

The RAAS is a hormone system that plays a central role in regulating blood pressure, fluid balance, and electrolyte homeostasis. It is activated when the body senses low blood pressure, reduced sodium concentration, or diminished renal blood flow. Key Components and Their Functions RAAS Cascade: Step-by-Step Process you can also visit- Large intestine anatomy and

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Large intestine: Explanatory overview of anatomy and physiology

What is Large Intestine ? The large intestine, also known as the large bowel, is the last part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract which plays a central role in digestion. It is where undigested food received from the small intestine is processed and any water and remaining nutrients are absorbed before the indigestible matter is excreted from the body as

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MALARIA- A zoonotic disease caused by mosquito

Malaria Epidemiology in India Causative Agent:Protozoan parasite Plasmodium Species: NOTE; – 25th April: World Malaria Day 1-30th June: Anti—Malaria Month Vector:Female Anopheles mosquito (bites mainly at night) Historical Discoveries Symptoms Typical Symptoms: Severe Symptoms: Diagnosis Method Notes Microscopic Blood Smear Gold standard for diagnosis RDTs (Rapid Diagnostic Tests) Useful in field conditions PCR For species-specific

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What is the Role of Epidemiology in Nursing? A Simple Guide

Introduction of epideiology Definition “Study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in man.” — MacMahon (1960) Epidemiological Triad Used to explain infectious disease transmission: Objectives of Epidemiology Types of Epidemiological Studies 1. Descriptive Study 2. Analytical Study A. Case-Control Study OR Interpretation: Advantages: Disadvantages: Example: Smoking and lung cancer B. Cohort Study C.

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